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Input And Output Devices

15 Input Devices 10 Output Devices Devices Work As Both Input And Output  Modem Network card Touch Screen Headsets Facsimile (FAX) Modem  - As we know that analog signals transfer in phone line but computer understands only digital signals, so to convert the analog signals into the digital signal and vice-versa modem is used. Modem is considered as both input and output device. Network  Card -  A  Network  card (also known as a  NIC or   network interface card ) is an electronic device that connects a computer to a computer  network. With the help of NIC data we receive and send data so NIC works as both input and output device. Touch Screen  –  A touchscreen is a both input and output device and normally layered on the top of an electronic visual displays such as cell phone, laptop. A user can give input or control the information through simple or multi-touch gestures by touching the screen. Headset  - Headset consists of Speakers and Micr
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Central Processing Unit (CPU)

Central Processing Unit (CPU)

A Central Processing Unit also called processor or microprocessor. CPU for a computer is just like the brain for a human being. The primary function of a CPU is to execute instruction or programs. Besides, it also controls the operation of all other components, such as memory, input and output devices. Under the processing unit's control, programs and data are accepted from the input devices and stored in the memory. Outputs are displayed on the video screen or printed on paper once the processing of a program is complete.

Central Processing Unit (CPU)



The processing unit of a small computer normally has a single processor, whereas the one for a bigger computer may contain a number of processors. Each processor, in a large processing unit, performs a specific task assigned to it.

CPU consists of following three parts:

  1. Control unit
  2. Arithmetic and Logic Unit (ALU)
  3. Registers

cpu diagram
CPU Architecture Diagram


Control unit

CU controls the entire operation of the computer. This part of the CPU is the real brain of a computer system. It controls the flow of data in memory and Input Output devices. CU fetches instructions and decodes the instructions. It then sends appropriate control signals to other components of the CPU.

Arithmetic and Logic Unit (ALU)

ALU performs arithmetic and logical operations as per the instructions stored in the main memory. ALU’s are designed to perform 4 basic Arithmetic operations like Addition, Subtraction, Multiplication, Division & logical operations like Less than, Equal to, or Greater than etc.

Registers

Register set consists of one or more registers used for storing intermediate results during the process of executing instructions. Such registers are called processor registers. An example of the processor register is the Accumulator (AC).

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